What is the main function of a settling tank in wastewater treatment?

The main function of a settling tank in wastewater treatment is to separate liquid effluent from sludge. During the treatment process, wastewater enters the settling tank where it is allowed to settle. The solid particles, including sludge and other sediments, fall to the bottom due to gravity, while the clearer liquid rises to the top. This separation is crucial because it enables the removal of solids from the wastewater before further treatment processes, ensuring a more effective treatment cycle and reducing the load on subsequent treatment stages. The settling process contributes to the overall efficiency of the wastewater treatment system by allowing for the recovery of solids that can be further processed or disposed of properly.